EGYPT was considered to be a treasure, becuase of its fertile land and its production of alot of crops such as wheat corn and cotton, also they wanted to control Egypt in order to secure the main route to India, Malaya, Australia, New Zealand (and also to Hong Kong), which all belonged to the British Empire at the time. economic imperialism. It was colonized at around 1882 due to Orabi, one of the leaders of the Egyptian army, losing. Eventually as time passed, a withdrawal agreement was made that led Egypt to their independence. At first, in what was called a veiled protectorate, Britain managed the Egyptian budget, took over the training of its military, and (although it had no legal authority to do so) basically ran Egypt through a series of commissions designed to protect British investments. Through the colonization of Egypt, Britain gained control of the Suez Canal, a major part of the world trade routes. Egypt was colonized by England due to a fierce war between the two. This brought them into conflict with the Boers. Instead of leaving Egypt to its people, Britain decided to colonize the country and control it through a protectorate. The economic situation of Egypt before its colonization was quite good. Soldiers were sent to various places to train while other got ready to retreat from the city. But Ethiopia would go to war and win the 1895 Battle of Adwa, against Italy in order to defend its territorial sovereignty. British interest in Egypt developed during the American Civil War. This is the transition that led to the colonization of Sudan under the power of the British (Benjamin 1061). Britain was responsible […] The British colonized Africa in about 1870. The nations failing economic system and the lands strategic economic and military positioning, especially in relation to the Suez Canal, led to the desire of many European countries to imperialise the nation. This would make the British sound more formidable and have a better reputation. Greeks also colonized Cyrenaica around the same time. The working and owning class maintained the industrial aspect while the upper class maintained the government and political prospect. This essay is a mainly concerned with its economy system during the British colonization in 1882 until Egypt achieved the full independence in 1936. For the preceding 40 years, Egypt had lived as a free state – ruled, on paper, by the British government, but in practice allowed to live under the rule of its own leaders and to practice its own faiths. economic imperialism. They funded the Suez Canal and steadily increased their economic base in the country. Five years after Egypt’s colonization, Britain created the British Somaliland (Somalia History). The first period of British rule (1882–1914) is often called the "veiled protectorate". Egypt first took over the coast in 1875. Egypt was colonized by several civilizations throughout history, including the Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Mamelukes, Ottoman Turks, French and British. Tensions between Boers and British led to the Boer War of 1899-1902. They wanted these resources because they needed them for manufacturing. Britain, France, Italy, Egypt and Ethiopia colonized Somalia. The British rushed to Cairo. This means that when England had a war between another country, Egypts armies would help the British to win. There was also an attempt in 513 BC to establish a Greek colony between Cyrene and Carthage, which resulted in the combined local and Carthaginian expulsion two years later of the Greek colonists. colonization. Britan was engaged in an expansion competition with France, to the degree that French and British colonies settled in North America began in-fighting throughout much of the early 18th century. Britain, for one, was in control of Somaliland, the Sudan and Egypt, territories whose proximity to Ethiopia allowed the British to make attempts at taking over. The British took over Egypt for some reasons. By the end of 1954, Gamal Abdel Nasser had induced Britain to accept total withdrawal by June 1956 and set to work to undermine Britain’s position in Iraq and Jordan. The land was also good for growing grain and during ancient times, … As a result of the Crimean War, the Ottoman Empire became more reliant on Britain and France because In 1882, the British invaded and conquered Egypt to put down a revolt of Egyptian army officers. However, when gold and diamonds were discovered in the 1860s-1880s their interest in the region increased. In Egypt, the British spent over ten million pounds every year. The British takeover of Egypt was an example of British expansionism. These reasons were similar to the reasons why Great Britain colonized other places. He first serves in Egypt from 1877 to 1880 as the British member of the commission responsible for coping with the Egyptian debt. The Arab chain reaction against Britain started in Egypt, where in July 1952 a group of army officers seized power. Though the Sahara desert is just on the outskirts of Egypt, the soil around the Nile delta is quite fertile and good for growing crops. The Congress of Berlin, held between 1884 and 1885, laid out the rules for European colonization, meaning in the 30 years following, European countries divided up newly colonized territories in a series of bilateral agreements. Egypt's once balanced culture and economy was corrupted and exploited by the powerful British Empire. After the Ottomans decided to join the First World War on the side of the Central Powers, Egypt was declared a British protectorate. Although the idea that Egypt would become a British colony was regarded by most as being highly fanciful. When they heard of all of Africa's valuable resources such as gold, ivory, salt and more, they did not hesitate on conquering the land. The British had several reasons to colonize Kenya in 1895. Some Egyptians resented the European control of their economy and the extortion interest rates of the loans. When Britain started to colonize Sudan, they had to find a way to destroy the hopes the French had of taking Sudan. First of all when they took over Egypt, Egypt became proctectorate. Under Egypt's Pharaoh Amasis (570–526 BC) a Greek mercantile colony was established at Naucratis, some 50 miles from the later Alexandria. One reason was economic. It was in the year 1882 that Egypt was legitimately ‘acquired’ by Britain, one of Europe’s greatest powers, (The Earl of Cromer, 1908). Likewise, Cape Colony was occupied to ensure it … Colonialism is the policy of a country seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of economic dominance. industrialization. BRITISH COLONIZATION 1900 - 1920 Continued negative feelings toward the British Britain declares Egypt a protectorate and orders all foreign vessels out of Suez Canal Ottomans defeated Britain grants Egypt a constitution Timeline of Egyptian Colonization BRITISH COLONIZATION 1880 British occupation: 1882-1914: The dominant figure during the years of the British occupation of Egypt is Evelyn Baring, a member of a long-established British family of bankers. Britain occupied Egypt in 1882 to ensure that the Suez Canal was protected from any rivals, as it was fundamental in trading with India. Egypt gained full independence from the British in 1936. read more The new international boundaries were “drawn by Europeans, for Europeans,” and paid littl… In June 1956 the British troops quit Suez on schedule. So they launched this joint-ruling relationship with Egypt where they would each colonize Sudan together (Benjamin 1061). The veile… Along with its colonial rivals, Britain was responsible for drawing international boundaries onto Africa in the late 1800s. This allowed the British government to greedily control Egypt's economic and political decisions, and thus profit largely. It wasn't long before British and Egyptian forces clashed with a decisive British victory and by September of 1882, Britain had captured Cairo and occupied Egypt. The history of Egypt under the British lasts from 1882, when it was occupied by British forces during the Anglo-Egyptian War, until 1956, when the last British forces withdrew in accordance with the Anglo-Egyptian agreement of 1954 after the Suez Crisis. Why did the British colonize West Africa? Rommel stopped at Alamein because his troops were exhausted and almost out of supplies. This Egypt, at the dawn of the 20th century, was a … The British occupation started in 1882 as a result of the immense debt that Egypt had accrued to European powers, bankers and investors, and its influence continued up to the 1952 revolution. From 1882-1922, Britain formally occupied Egypt and controlled its government. With this advantage, Britain decided to heavily tax the ships which passed through. The British occupied Egypt in 1882, but they did not annex it: a nominally independent Egyptian government continued to operate. 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